Baker, T.
Baker's Biographical Dictionary.
5th edition
New York: G. Schirmer, 1958
Encyclopedie de la musique.
Vol. 3
Paris: Fasquelle, 1958-1961
Thompson, Oscar
International Cyclopedia of Music and Musicians.
7th edition
New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1956
Hughes, Rosemary
The Biographical Dictionary of Musicians
New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1954
Pratt, Waldo Selden
New Encyclopedia of Music and Musicians.
New York: MacMillan Co., 1924
Lahee, Henry C.
The Grand Opera Singers of Today
An Account of the Leading Operatic Stars Who have Sung During Recent Years, Together with a Sketch of the Chief Operatic Enterprises. New revised edition
Boston: The Page Company Publishers, 1922 [1st edition 1912]. x, 543 p.
48 illus., index.