Sadie, Stanley
Hitchcock, H. Wiley
The new Grove dictionary of American music
edited by H. Wiley Hitchcock and Stanley Sadie
New York, N.Y. : Grove's Dictionaries of Music, 1986. 4 v.
Claghorn, Charles Eugene
Biographical dictionary of American music
West Nyack, N.Y.: Parker Pub. Co., 1974, 491 p.
Bio-bibliographical index of musicians in the United States of America since colonial times
Prepared by the District of Columbia Historical Records Survey Division of Community Service Programs Works project Administration
Washington, DC: 1941, 439 p.
Rohrer, Gertrude Martin
Music and musicians of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia: Theodore Presser, 1940